Compartment Syndrome:

• swelling/bleeding within a compartment of the arm/leg results in ischaemia & necrosis of surrounding tissue
• causes: fractures, soft tissue trauma, compression, bleeding, burns
• symptoms: a tense compartment (e.g. calf) + the 6 Ps: Pain (in this case out of proportion to injury), Paraesthesia (reduced sensation), then in later stages Pulseless, Pallor, Perishing cold & Paralysis
• treatment: resus + emergency surgery (fasciotomy = opening of compartments to release the pressure, this is left open for 5 days so pressure does not rebuild)